Question

How does dielectric affect potential difference?

Answer 1

Explanation:

1. The relative permittivity of the dielectric substance is referred to as the dielectric constant of any substance. It is the ratio of a material's permittivity to the permittivity of free space. The dielectric constant can be written mathematically as:

$K=\frac{ϵ}{{ϵ}_0}$, where $K$ refers to the Dielectric constant, $ϵ$ refers to the permittivity of the substance, and ${ϵ}_0$ is defined as the permittivity of the free space.

2. The value of capacitance can be maximized due to the high dielectric constant. The parallel plate capacitor's capacitance formula reveals what:

$C=K{ϵ}_0\frac{A}{d}$, where $K$ refers to the dielectric constant, $C$ refers to the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor, $A$ refers to the area of parallel conducting plates, ${ϵ}_0$ is defined as permittivity of free space, and $d$ refers to the separation between parallel conducting plates.

Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance: Consider a capacitor that has parallel plates with an area of A and that are spaced apart by a distance d. Now, the charge on each plate of a capacitor with charge $Q$ will be $+Q$ and $-Q$. The charge density will be since the plate's area is $A$.

$\sigma =\frac{Q}{A}$

Now, assuming there is no space between the two plates of the capacitor, the potential energy across the device will be:

$V_0=E_{0}d=V_0\frac{\sigma }{{\epsilon }_{0}d}$

As a result, the capacitor's capacitance will be:

$C_0=\frac{Q}{V_0}={\epsilon }_0\frac{A}{d}$

Hence, the electric field in the capacitors is lessened by the presence of a dielectric. The potential difference across the capacitor plates decreases when the charges are constant.