Question

How does heating and cooling affect the state of a substance?

Answer 1

The heating and cooling change the state of a substance. The change can be explained in detail as follows-

Heating:

• By heating the particles in the solid gain energy and start moving very fast and leave their respective positions and when they reach the melting point the solids are turned into liquids.
• By heating the particles in liquid gain energy and move vigorously and as soon they reach the boiling point they get converted into gases and leave the liquid surface.

Cooling:

• By cooling gases they lose energy and particles come closer and the intermolecular forces of attraction start to develop between particles, and gases condense to form liquids.
• By cooling liquids the moving particles lose their energy and the intermolecular space decreases and the intermolecular force of attraction increases further cooling the liquid it reaches a point where it freezes into solid.