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Question
How does the exchange of gases occur as a result of respiration in human beings?
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Solution
The exchange of gases in a human being can be divided into two parts.
(1) Inspiration,
(2) Expiration.Inspiration is taking in air rich in oxygen and expiration is throwing out of the air, which is saturated with carbon dioxide.
(1) Inspiration: The muscles between the ribs pull them upwards and outwards. The muscular diaphragm also contracts and flattens, so the pleural cavity is expanded. With this expansion, the lungs also expand. As a result, the air pressure in lungs become low in comparision to the air pressure outside. Hence, an air pressure gradient is formed. As a result, air rushes through the nasal passage and reaches air sacs of the lungs.
(2) Expiration: With the relaxation of ribs and muscles of diaphragm chest box contracts and air of lungs goes out with pressure, through the nostrils. We must remember that we inhale and exhale air, due to alternate order of outer air pressure of the body and pressures is due to movement of chest muscles. In this action, the lungs do not participate.
(1) Inspiration,
(2) Expiration.
Inspiration is taking in air rich in oxygen and expiration is throwing out of the air, which is saturated with carbon dioxide.
(1) Inspiration: The muscles between the ribs pull them upwards and outwards. The muscular diaphragm also contracts and flattens, so the pleural cavity is expanded. With this expansion, the lungs also expand. As a result, the air pressure in lungs become low in comparision to the air pressure outside. Hence, an air pressure gradient is formed. As a result, air rushes through the nasal passage and reaches air sacs of the lungs.
(2) Expiration: With the relaxation of ribs and muscles of diaphragm chest box contracts and air of lungs goes out with pressure, through the nostrils. We must remember that we inhale and exhale air, due to alternate order of outer air pressure of the body and pressures is due to movement of chest muscles. In this action, the lungs do not participate.
(1) Inspiration: The muscles between the ribs pull them upwards and outwards. The muscular diaphragm also contracts and flattens, so the pleural cavity is expanded. With this expansion, the lungs also expand. As a result, the air pressure in lungs become low in comparision to the air pressure outside. Hence, an air pressure gradient is formed. As a result, air rushes through the nasal passage and reaches air sacs of the lungs.
(2) Expiration: With the relaxation of ribs and muscles of diaphragm chest box contracts and air of lungs goes out with pressure, through the nostrils. We must remember that we inhale and exhale air, due to alternate order of outer air pressure of the body and pressures is due to movement of chest muscles. In this action, the lungs do not participate.
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