How does the temperature of the gas change?

Increases

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Decreases

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Remains Same

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Cannot be predicted

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Solution

The correct option is D Remains Same
The first law of thermodynamics states that:
$δ Q = Δ U + w = Δ U + \int P d V$
The box is well insulated; hence the heat supplied to the gas is zero.
The work done is against the pressure of a vacuum. i.e. P = 0 Pa.
So $δ Q = Δ U + \int P d V$
$⟹ δ Q = 0 = Δ U + 0$
$∴$ Change in internal energy is zero, hence the temperature of the body doesn't change.

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