How is acetic acid prepared from
(a) ethanol (b) acetylene ?

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Solution

(a) It is prepared in the lab by the oxidation of ethanol with acidified potassium dichromate.

$C_{2} H_{5} O H [O] - ---- \to K_{2} C r_{2} O_{7} C H_{3} C H O + H_{2} O [O] - ---- \to K_{2} C r_{2} O_{7} C H_{3} C O O H$

(b) Acetylene is first converted to acetaldehyde by passing through 40% $H_{2} S O_{4}$ at 60 $^{o}$ C in the presence of 1% $H g S O_{4}$ .
The acetaldehyde is then oxidised to acetic acid in the presence of catalyst manganous acetate at 70 $^{o}$ C.

$C_{2} H_{2} + H_{2} O H_{2} S O_{4} (d i l) - ------ \to C H_{3} C H O$

$C H_{3} C H O [O] - --------- \to H g S O_{4} / c a t a l y s t 2 C H_{3} C O O H$

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