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Question

How is acid-base balance maintained in human body.

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Solution

Acid-base balance in the human body is essential for all living organisms. Usually, the human body maintains the pH of blood close to 7.40. A doctor evaluates a person's acid-base balance by measuring the pH and levels of CO2 (an acid) and bicarbonate (a base) in the blood. It takes only seconds for the chemical buffers in blood to make adjustments to pH. The respiratory systems can adjust the blood pH upward by exhaling CO2 from the body. The renal systems can also adjust blood pH through excretion of H+ ions and the conservation of HCO3. Protein buffer systems work predominantly inside cells.

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