Hearing, or auditory perception is the ability to detect sounds and place meaning to those sounds.
On land, sound waves cause vibrations in the air that travel into the ear canal and vibrate the ear drum, which is connected to the ossicles of the middle ear, which stimulates the cochlea and finally the auditory nerve, thus sending signals to the brain.
Hearing underwater
The hearing threshold and the ability to localize sources of sound are reduced underwater.
Underwater, the sound vibrations bypass the ossicles and cochlea. Instead, bone conduction happens and the sound vibrations pass through the mastoid bone.