Question

How is the concentration of hydronium ions$\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$ affected when the solution of an acid is diluted?

Answer 1

The concentration of hydronium ions$\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$ reduced when the solution of an acid is diluted. The process is describe below:

1. A solution of an acid is diluted by adding water.
2. As the acid is added to the water, a certain amount of hydronium will be present in the solution for a certain amount of time.
3. As we dilute a solution, the amount of hydronium ion per volume of solution decreases, reducing the concentration of hydronium in the solution.
4. The concentration of hydronium ions$\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$ is calculated by formula: $\mathrm{Concentration}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{hydronium}\mathrm{ions}=\frac{\mathrm{Volume}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{acid}}{\mathrm{Volume}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{solution}}$
5. From the above formula, we see that, if the value of solution is increased the concentration of hydronium ions$\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$ is decreased.

Final answer: The mixing an acid with water leads to a decrease in the concentration of Hydronium ions $\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$.