Second wind also occasionally referred to as the wake maintenance zone, is a sleep phenomenon in which a person, after a prolonged period of staying awake, temporarily ceases to feel drowsy, often making it difficult to fall asleep once it happens.
For example, many people experience the effects of a second wind in the early morning even after an entire night without sleep because it is the time when they would normally wake up.
While most "winds" coincide with the 24-hour cycle, those experiencing extended sleep deprivation over multiple days have been known to experience a "Fifth day turning point".
The second wind could be the result of the body achieving a state of equilibrium, at which muscles are at optimal temperature (slightly higher than 98.6 degrees) and the body's oxygen needs are sufficient to meet the demands of a runner's pace.
When the body properly regulates respiration to meet the long-term demands of steady-state exercise, muscles begin operating more efficiently, breathing evens out and fatigue is decreased compared to earlier in the run, resulting in the sensation of a second wind.