How many 4 digit numbers are there, when a digit may be repeated any number of times?
9 x 103
In a four digit number 0 cannot be placed at thousand's place. So thousand's place can be filled with any digit from 1 to 9.
Thus thousand's place can be filled in 9 ways.
Since repetition of digits is allowed, therefore each of the remaining 3 places can be filled in 10 ways by using the digits from 0 to 9.
Hence, the required number of numbers = 9 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 9 x103