1
Question
How many among the following are incorrectly matched?
(i) Predation - sparrow eating seeds
(ii) Endoparasitism - ticks on dogs
(iii) Ectoparasitism - Cuscuta growing on hedge plants
(iv) Amensalism - orchids growing on a mango branch
(v) Commensalism - association between phycobiont and mycobiont
How many among the following are incorrectly matched?
(i) Predation - sparrow eating seeds
(ii) Endoparasitism - ticks on dogs
(iii) Ectoparasitism - Cuscuta growing on hedge plants
(iv) Amensalism - orchids growing on a mango branch
(v) Commensalism - association between phycobiont and mycobiont
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Solution
The correct option is B 3
Predation is a type of population interaction where organism belonging to one species (the predator) kills and eat another organism belonging to another species (its prey). The most familiar example of predation is a tiger eating a deer, however, a sparrow eating seeds is no less than a predator.
Hence (i) is correctly matched.
Parasitism is a type of population interaction between two living species in which one organism is benefited at the expense of the other (+/- interaction). The organism that is benefitted is called the parasite, while the one that is harmed is called the host.
Endoparasitism: The parasites in this type live inside the body of the host at different sites (Endo = inside). Example - Plasmodium living inside the RBC.
Ectoparasitism: The parasites in this type feed on the external surface of the host organism and are called ectoparasites (Ecto = outside). Example - Lice in human hair, Parasitic plant Cuscuta growing on hedge plants.
Hence (ii) is incorrectly matched and (iii) is correctly matched.
Orchids growing on a mango branch is an example of commensalism but not amensalism. Commensalism is a type of population interaction in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited (+/0 interaction).
Amensalism is a type of population interaction where one species is harmed and the other is unaffected (-/0 interaction).
Hence (iv) is incorrectly matched.
Lichens provide an excellent example of mutualism. In mutualism, both the interacting species mutually benefit from each other. Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and algae. The algal partner is called phycobiont and the fungal partner is called mycobiont.
Hence (v) is incorrectly matched.
Predation is a type of population interaction where organism belonging to one species (the predator) kills and eat another organism belonging to another species (its prey). The most familiar example of predation is a tiger eating a deer, however, a sparrow eating seeds is no less than a predator.
Hence (i) is correctly matched.
Parasitism is a type of population interaction between two living species in which one organism is benefited at the expense of the other (+/- interaction). The organism that is benefitted is called the parasite, while the one that is harmed is called the host.
Endoparasitism: The parasites in this type live inside the body of the host at different sites (Endo = inside). Example - Plasmodium living inside the RBC.
Ectoparasitism: The parasites in this type feed on the external surface of the host organism and are called ectoparasites (Ecto = outside). Example - Lice in human hair, Parasitic plant Cuscuta growing on hedge plants.
Hence (ii) is incorrectly matched and (iii) is correctly matched.
Orchids growing on a mango branch is an example of commensalism but not amensalism. Commensalism is a type of population interaction in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited (+/0 interaction).
Amensalism is a type of population interaction where one species is harmed and the other is unaffected (-/0 interaction).
Hence (iv) is incorrectly matched.
Lichens provide an excellent example of mutualism. In mutualism, both the interacting species mutually benefit from each other. Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and algae. The algal partner is called phycobiont and the fungal partner is called mycobiont.
Hence (v) is incorrectly matched.
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