Question

How many functions in the list given below are under the control of hypothalamus
Thermoregulation, sexual behaviour and Emotion, Endocrine control, Sneezing, Coughing, Heart beats and respiration

• A. six
• B. three
• C. four
• D. five

Answer 1

The correct option is A six

• Hypothalamus is present at the base of the diencephalon. It is the control center of the autonomic functions and it also secrets regulated and inhibiting hormones which regulate the function of the pituitary gland.
• Due to its association with endocrine system ie the pituitary gland which secrets hormones like vasopressin, glucocorticoid stimulating hormones which help in regulation of homeostasis of a body.
• The pituitary gland also secrets hormones such as an adrenocorticotrophic hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone from which the ACTH is responsible for secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex of adrenal gland which stimulate activities like increase & decrease of the heartbeat, respiration. While the later 2 are known as Gonadotropic hormones which are responsible for stimulating secretion of sex hormones from the ovary and testis.
• Secretion of sex hormones is also responsible for some changes in emotions at the time of their secretion for example aggressiveness in males at the time of mating season or in humans at the time of puberty.
• Therefore from the above functions Thermoregulation, sexual behavior, emotion, endocrine control, heartbeats and respiration are controlled by hypothalamus directly or indirectly via the peripheral nervous system and its connection with the pituitary gland.

Therefore the answer option A is correct.