How many of the given compounds will react with $N a H C O_{3}$ ?

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Solution

Among the given compounds, only three compounds will react with sodium hydrogen carbonate $(N a H C O_{3})$ . They are as follows:

$1.$ Benzoic acid $(C_{6} H_{5} C O O H)$
$2.$ Acetic acid $(C H_{3} C O O H)$
$3.$ $2, 4, 6$ -trinitro phenol $(2, 4, 6 - (N O_{2})_{3} C_{6} H_{2} O H)$

Sodium hydrogen carbonate is a weak base. It reacts with the above compounds (having reasonable acidity) to form salt and water.

Other compounds are either very weak acids (such as phenol and p-methoxy phenol) or neutral (such as toluene and nitrobenzene).

Hence, they do not react with sodium hydrogen carbonate. $2, 4, 6$ - trinitrophenol has sufficient acidity, as the three electron-withdrawing nitro groups increase the acidity of phenol and stabilise the negative charge by resonance.

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