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Question
how many structural isomers can be formed of C5H10O
how many structural isomers can be formed of C5H10O
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Solution
As the other answers stated, there are four structural isomers with, n-butyl, iso-butyl, secondary-butyl, and tertiary-butyl substituants on the aldehyde group, leading to, respectively, pentanal, 3-methyl-butanal, 2-methyl-butanal, and 2,2-dimethyl-propanal.
One additional consideration is the fact that the sec-butyl substituted aldehyde or 2-methyl-butanal has an asymmetric carbon at the #2 position, meaning there are four different moieties on this carbon that can have two different rigid configurations that cannot easily switch. This means that there are twostereoisomers of 2-methyl-butanal, along with the three other structural isomers, making a total of five isomers of pentanal.
As the other answers stated, there are four structural isomers with, n-butyl, iso-butyl, secondary-butyl, and tertiary-butyl substituants on the aldehyde group, leading to, respectively, pentanal, 3-methyl-butanal, 2-methyl-butanal, and 2,2-dimethyl-propanal.
One additional consideration is the fact that the sec-butyl substituted aldehyde or 2-methyl-butanal has an asymmetric carbon at the #2 position, meaning there are four different moieties on this carbon that can have two different rigid configurations that cannot easily switch. This means that there are twostereoisomers of 2-methyl-butanal, along with the three other structural isomers, making a total of five isomers of pentanal.
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