How many valence electrons are present in (a) metals, and (b) non-metals?

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Solution

(a) Metals generally contain 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by losing electrons.
(b) Non-metals generally contain 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by gaining electrons.

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\begin{matrix} M e t a l s & N o n - m e t a l s (i) \dots \dots & P o o r c o n d u c t o r s o f h e a t (i i) M a l l e a b l e & \dots \dots (i i i) F o r m p o s i t i v e i o n s & \dots \dots (i v) \dots \dots & F o r m a c i d i c o x i d e s \end{matrix}

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$\begin{matrix} METALS & NON-METALS (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . & P o o r c o n d u c t o r s o f h e a t . (i i) M a l l e a b l e & . . . . . . . . . . . . (i i i) F o r m p o s i t i v e i o n s & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . & F o r m a c i d i c o x i d e s . \end{matrix}$

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How many valence electrons are present in (a) metals, and (b) non-metals?

(a) Metals generally contain 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by losing electrons. (b) Non-metals generally contain 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by gaining electrons.

(a) Metals generally contain 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by losing electrons.
(b) Non-metals generally contain 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the outermost shell and they ionise by gaining electrons.