How the following conversions can be carried out?
Benzyl alcohol to $2 -$ phenylethanoic acid

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Solution

Solution:-
$C_{6} H_{5} - C H_{2} O H (Benzyl alcohol) P {C l}_{5} - --------- \to - (P O {C l}_{3} + H C l) C_{6} H_{5} - C H_{2} C l (Benzyl chloride) K C N, Aq. ethanol - ---------- \to - K C l C_{6} H_{5} - C H_{2} - C N (Benzyl cyanide) H^{+} / H_{2} O - ---- \to C_{6} H_{5} - C H_{2} - C O O H (2 - Phenylethanoic acid)$

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How the following conversions can be carried out?

(i) Propene to propan-1-ol

(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne

(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane

(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol

(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene

(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid

(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile

(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene

(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane

(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane

(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid

(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide

(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol

(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform

(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol

(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane

(xvii) Chloroethane to butane

(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl

(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide

(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide

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