Question

how the microorganisms like bacteria get protectedfrom the attack of phages?

Answer 1

Bacteria use their restriction modification system (RM system) consisting of restriction endonucleases to inhibit (restrict) the growth of viruses ( such as bacteriophages), so to protect themselves from foreign DNA. Bacteria have restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonucleases, which cleave double stranded DNA at specific points into fragments, which are then degraded further by other endonucleases.