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Question

How to balance the equation by redox reaction by ion -electron method in basic medium

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Solution

  • Step 1. Write a sceleton equation
  • Step 2. Separate the redox reaction into half-reactions
    • a) Assign oxidation numbers for each atom
    • b) Identify and write out all redox couples in reaction
    • c) Combine these
      • redox couples into two half-reactions
    • Step 3. Balance the atoms in each half reaction
      • a) Balance all other atoms except H and O
      • b) Balance the oxygen atoms with H2O
      • c) Balance the hydrogen atoms with H+
      • d) In a basic medium, add one OH- to each side for every H+
    • Step 4. Balance the charge with e-
    • Step 5: Make electron gain equivalent to electron loss in the half-reactions
    • Step 6: Add the half-reactions together
    • Step 7: Simplify the equation
    • Finally, check that the elements and charges are balanced
    • Sample redox equations

      Acidic medium

    • H2O2 = H2O + O2
    • Ca + Cl2 = CaCl2
    • Cu + HNO3 = Cu2+ + NO
    • SCN- + O2 = SO42- + HCO3- + NO3-
    • Zn + HNO3 = Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3
    • Fe2O3 + CO = Fe + CO2
    • P4 + HNO3 + H2O = H3PO4 + NO
  • Basic medium

  • I- + OCl- = I2 + Cl- + H2O
  • CH3OH + MnO4- = CO32- + MnO42-
  • CrI3 + Cl2 = CrO42- + IO4- + Cl-
  • Zn + NO3- = Zn(OH)42- + NH3
  • MnO4- + SO32- = MnO2 + SO42-
  • Pb(OH)42- + ClO- = Pb

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