(i) Endless struggle (ii) Suppressive measures by Portuguese (iii) Liberation movement from Satyagrahis (iv) The intervention of Indian Army, India took control over Goa (1961).
While India attained independence from the British Raj on 15 August 1947, Goa was still languishing under four and a half-century of Portuguese rule. After the failure of diplomacy with the Portuguese, in a military operation called 'Operation Vijay' conducted on 18 and 19 December 1961, Indian troops captured Goa with little resistance.