Question

How were coal and petroleum formed?

Answer 1

Explanation :

1. Coal and petroleum are made up of the remains of dead animals and plants that have gone through a variety of biological and geological processes.
2. Coal is a nonrenewable fossil fuel that is used as a commodity. It's the largest amount of fossil fuel we have.
3. Peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite are the four forms of coal, with anthracite having the highest heat content.
4. It takes millions of years for coal to develop.

Process of coal formation:

1. Coal was produced millions of years ago when the planet was covered in vast swampy forests populated by plants such as enormous ferns, reeds, and mosses.
2. Some of the plants died and dropped into the swamp waters as they grew. New plants sprouted in their place, and when they perished, more sprouted.
3. Over time, the marsh accumulated a thick layer of decomposing plants.
4. The earth's surface moved, allowing water and dirt to wash in and stop the decomposition.
5. More plants sprouted, but as they perished and fell, the layers were separated.
6. The weight of the upper layers, as well as water and debris, compacted the plant materials in the bottom levels.
7. Heat and pressure caused chemical and physical changes in the plant layers, forcing oxygen out and leaving rich carbon deposits in their place.
8. Plant-like substances eventually turned into coal.
9. Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid that may be turned into fuel and is found under the earth's surface.

Process of petroleum formation:

1. Petroleum is a fossil fuel, which means it was formed over millions of years by the decomposition of organic matter.
2. When enormous amounts of dead organisms–primarily zooplankton and algae–are exposed to severe heat and pressure beneath a sedimentary rock, petroleum is created.
3. Petroleum is created by the deposition of sea organisms under extreme pressure and heat, whereas coal is created by the deposition of plants and forests under extreme heat and pressure.