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Question

How will you determine the empirical formulae?


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Solution

Definition of the empirical formula:

  1. A formula that gives the simplest ratio of the atoms of all the elements in the molecule.

Determination of the empirical formula:

  1. Write the molecular formula of the compound.
  2. Divide the number of atoms of all the elements with a specific number so as to obtain a simple ratio of the number of atoms.
  3. Thus, the empirical formula is determined.

Example:

  1. The molecular formula of Benzene is (C6H6), showing there are six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.
  2. Thus, the ratio of the number of atoms of carbon and hydrogen is 6:6
  3. Dividing the numerator and denominator by 6, we get the ratio as 1:1.
  4. Thus, the empirical formula has one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom. Thus, the empirical formula of benzene is (CH)

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