How will you distinguish between the following pairs of terms?
(i) Tetrahedral and octahedral voids
(ii) Crystal lattice and unit cell

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Solution

1. A void surrounded by four spheres occupying the corners of tetrahedron is called a tetrahedral void. It is much smaller than the size of sphere in the close packing.
A void surrounded by six spheres along the corners of an octahedral is called octahedral void. The size of the octahedral void is smaller than that of the spheres in the close packing but larger than the octahedral void.
2. The regular three dimensional arrangement of identical points in the space which represent how the constituent particles are arranged in a crystal is called a crystal lattice.
A unit cell is the smallest portion of a crystal lattice, which when repeated over and again in different directions produces the complete crystal lattice.

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N a C l

In which of the following structures coordination number for cations and anions in the packed structure will be same ?

(a) $C l^{-}$ ions form fcc lattice and $N a^{+}$ ions occupy all octahedral voids of the unit cell

(b) $C a^{2 +}$ ions form fcc lattice and $F^{-}$ ions occupy all the eight tetrahedral voids of the unit cell

(d) $S^{2 -}$ ions form fcc lattice and $Z n^{2 +}$ ions go into alternate tetrahedral voids of the unit cell

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