Question

How will you prepare nitrobenzene from chlorobenzene?

Answer 1

Chlorobenzene to nitrobenzene

Step 1: Benzene formed from Chlorobenzene

In this step, chlorobenzene is reacted with reducing agent ${\mathrm{H}}_2/\mathrm{Ni}$ for which it gets reduced to benzene with $\mathrm{HCl}$ formed.

Step 2: Nitrobenzene is formed from Benzene

Now benzene is reacted with $\mathrm{conc}.{\mathrm{HNO}}_3$in the presence of $\mathrm{conc}.{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$to form nitrobenzene.

Here nitration reaction occurs which is the replacement of a hydrogen atom with nitro$\left({\mathrm{NO}}_2\right)$ groups.