Question

How would the gaseous exchange or the passage of water inside and outside the cell occur without diffusion or osmosis?

Answer 1

There are three ways for substances to move in and out of plant cell.
* Osmosis
* Diffusion
* Active transportation
​​​​​​
Active transportation requires the cell to spend energy, usually in the form of ATP.
Plants require mineral salts such as nitrates for growth. The concentration of nitrates is higher on plant root cell than it is in the soil solution surrounding it. The plant cannot rely on diffusion as the nitrates would diffuse out of root cell into the soil. Hence the cells utilise energy to actively transport nitrates across the cell membrane into the root cell, against the concentration gradient.

​