Hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve which of the following impurities in the extraction of amorphous silicon?

Magnesium oxide

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Silica

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Silicon

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Magnesium

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Solution

The correct option is D Magnesium oxide
Finely powdered silica (sand or quartz) is mixed with magnesium powder and heated in a fire- clay crucible. Magnesium oxide and silicon are formed. The product is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve magnesium oxide, a basic impurity. Then it is washed with hydrofluoric acid to remove unreacted silica. The powder left behind is silicon its amorphous form.
$S i O_{2} + 2 M g ⟶ S i + 2 M g O$
Hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve magnesium oxide, a basic impurity.

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