Hydrogen chloride ( $H C l$ ) gas is very soluble in water and is dissolved in water to get Hydrochloric acid by using an anti suction device with the mouth of the funnel just below the surface of the water. Explain how this device prevents the suction of water into the flask in which Hydrogen chloride is produced.

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Solution

Hydrogen chloride $(HCl)$ gas is dissolved in water to produce Hydrochloric acid.
Hydrogen chloride gas is highly soluble in water and when a delivery tube is used to dissolve the gas in water, the rate of dissolution exceeds the rate of production of gas.
This causes the Hydrochloric acid to rise in the apparatus and damage it.
In order to prevent this situation, a funnel arrangement is used as an anti suction device.
In this arrangement, a funnel is inverted on the surface of the water in such a way that only a small portion of the rim remains dipped in water, and a delivery tube is attached to the stem of the funnel.
When the delivery tube discharges the gas into the funnel it dissolves in water. A suction force develops and the water rises in the funnel.
However, this results in a gap between the surface of the water and the rim of the funnel and the water that rises in the funnel falls back preventing the suction of water into the flask in which Hydrogen chloride is produced.

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Similar questions

Hydrogen chloride gas is very soluble in water. It is dissolved in water to prepare hydrochloric acid by using an anti-suction device, as shown in the diagram. Very briefly explain, how this device prevents the suction of water into the flask, in which hydrogen chloride gas is produced.

Hydrogen chloride dissolves in water to form an acidic solution.
(a) Name the experiment which demonstrates that hydrogen chloride is very soluble in water.
(b) Give three distinct tests (apart from using an indicator) you would carry out with this solution to illustrate the typical properties of an acid.

How will you prepare hydrochloric acid in laboratory?

Describe briefly the method employed to dissolve hydrogen chloride gas in water as it is prepared. What is the purpose of funnel while preparing hydrochloric acid from HCl gas?

Name
(a) a black metallic oxide which reacts with hydrochloric acid to give a coloured solution.
(b) two colourless gases, which when mixed produce a white solid.
(c) two gases which chemically combine to form a liquid.
(d) a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(e) the chemical in which gold can be dissolved.
(f) the experiment which demonstrates that hydrogen chloride is soluble in water.
(g) the gas produced when chlorine water is exposed to sunlight.

Explain, why (or give reasons for)
(i) In the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride from sodium chloride, the gas can be obtained below 200°C or above. But the lower temperature is preferred.
(ii) Hydrogen chloride is not collected over water.
(iii) Hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated above 22.2% by boiling.
(iv) HCl gas does not conduct electricity, but hydrochloric acid conducts electricity.
(v) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(vi) When the stopper of a bottle full of HCl gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(vii) A solution of HCl gas in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while HCl gas dissolves in toluene and it has no effect on litmus and does not conduct electricity.
(viii) An aqueous solution of chlorine is acidic in nature.

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