Africa is called a "plateau continent" because much of the land is raised well above sea level, dropping off sharply near the coastline. Additionally, Africa's continental shelf drops off precipitously, providing deep harbors but limiting offshore resource exploitation.
It is separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea and from much of Asia by the Red Sea, Africa is joined to Asia at its northeast extremity by the Isthmus of Suez (which is transected by the Suez Canal), 130 km (81 mi) wide. For geopolitical purposes, the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt – east of the Suez Canal – is often considered part of Africa.