Question

(i) Give an account of the structure of different kinds of neurons.

(ii) Describe neurosecretory neurons.

Answer 1

• The neurons are broadly divided into four basic types: unipolar, bipolar, multipolar, and pseudounipolar.
• Unipolar neurons have only one structure that extends away from the soma. bipolar neuron or bipolar cell is a type of neuron which has two extensions (one axon and one dendrite).
• Bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of special senses.
• A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons.
• A pseudounipolar neuron is a kind of sensory neuron in the peripheral nervous system. This neuron contains an axon that has split into two branches; one branch runs to the periphery and the other to the spinal cord.
• Neurosecretion is the storage, synthesis and release of hormones from neurons. These neurohormones, produced by neurosecretory cells, are normally secreted from nerve cells in the brain that then circulate into the blood.