(i) How is root hair adapted for the absorption of water from the soil?
(ii) What part is played by
(a) the cell wall?
(b) the cytoplasm in the uptake of water into the root hair?
(iii) What would happen to the root hair of a potted plant if the soil was watered with an extremely concentrated solution of sodium chloride?

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Solution

(i) Root hair has immature xylem and water-permeable epidermis and endodermis; thus, they are well adapted for the absorption of water from the soil.

(ii)
(a) The cell wall is a membrane that is permeable to water.

(b) The cytoplasm surrounds the vacuole containing concentrated cell sap; thus, it helps in the uptake of water by osmosis.

(iii) If the soil was watered with an extremely concentrated solution of sodium chloride, then the root hair would not be able to take in water from the soil, as the solution would be more concentrated compared with the cell sap, and the cells of the root hair would become flaccid.

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Q. (i) The figure alongside is a diagram of a root hair. On the diagram, name the parts labelled 1 to 5.
(ii) What role is played in the uptake of water into the root hair by the parts numbered 1, 2 and 3?
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Figure

Absorption of minerals by the epidermal cells of root and root hair causes the water to enter from surrounding soil into roots. It further reaches the root xylem. Thus, due to a continuous uptake of water by root cells, a water pressure is created in the root xylem. This pressure is called as________

Q. Water enters into the root hair from the soil by

Given below is a set of five terms:

Active immunity, antigen, antibody, bacteria, lymphocytes (defense mechanism of the body)

Rewrite the terms in logical sequence as directed at the end of the statement.

An example has been done for you:

Example: cortical cells, root hair, xylem, soil water, endodermis (absorption of water by the plants)

Answer: soil water, root hair, cortical cells, endodermis, xylem.

Q. Water moves from the soil to the root hair cells by the process of _____.

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