?(i) What is a salt? (ii) Why aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is basic in nature? ?(iii)Why is an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride acidic in nature?

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Solution

i) Salts are the chemical substance formed by the neutralisation of acid and base. For ex.,
HCl + NaOH ----> NaCl + H₂O
Here NaCl is a salt formed by the neutralisation of the acid by a base.
ii)) Na₂CO₃ is a salt formed by stronger base and weak acid. That is when water is added to sodium carbonate, it gets hydrolysed to give sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid. Sodium hydroxide is a stronger base and carbonic acid is a weaker acid, so the net result is more basic nature.
Na₂CO₃ + 2H₂O ----> 2NaOH + H₂CO₃
iii) NH₄Cl is a salt formed by weaker base and strong acid. That is when water is added to ammonium chloride, it gets hydrolysed to give ammonium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Ammonium hydroxide is a weaker base and hydrochloric acid is a stronger acid, so the net result is more acidic nature.
NH₄Cl + H₂O ----> NH₄OH + HCl

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