Question

(i) What is Compton effect?
(ii) In Cooling X-Ray tube(Modern X-Ray tube) how will you vary:
$\left(1\right)$ intensity of emitted X-Rays?
$\left(2\right)$ penetrating power of emitted X-Rays?

Answer 1

(i) Compton Effect: When a monochromatic beam of X-rays are incident on a scattering substance then the scattered X-rays contain radiation not only of the same wavelength as that of the primary rays but also the radiations of longer wavelength. This is called Compton effect.
(ii) $\left(1\right)$ Intensity: In order to increase the intensity of X-rays the current through the tube must be increased.
$\left(2\right)$ Penetration Power: It can be increased by increasing the potential difference applied between the ends of the X-ray tube.