Identify endothermic processes among the following.

x \to x^{+} + e^{-}

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x + e^{-} \to x^{-}

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x^{+} \to x^{+ 2} + e^{-}

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x^{-} + e^{-} \to x^{- 2}

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Solution

The correct options are
A $x \to x^{+} + e^{-}$
C $x^{+} \to x^{+ 2} + e^{-}$
D $x^{-} + e^{-} \to x^{- 2}$
Addition of electron to neutral atom only is exothermic process. All others corresponding to removal of electron from a neutral atom, unipositive ion and addition of electron to uninegative ion are all endothermic processes.

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