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Question

Identify solute and solvent in the following solutions :
(i) Aerated drinks
(ii) Tincture of iodine
(iii) Lemon water

State the principle of each of the following methods of separation of mixtures.
(i) Centrifugation method
(ii) Separation using separating funnel

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Solution

Identification
(i) Aerated drinks: Solute = Carbon Dioxide, Solvent = Water
(ii) Tincture of iodine: Solute = Iodine, Solvent = Alcohol
(iii) Lemon water: Solute = Sugar, Citric Acid, Solvent = Water

Principle
(i) Centrifugation Principle: The denser particles are forced to the bottom and the lighter particles stay at the top when spun rapidly.
(ii) Separation using separating funnel: Immiscible liquids separate out in layers depending on their densities.

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