The correct option is A Adjective of Quality
Option A is correct because Adjectives of Quality describe the kind, quality or characteristic of a noun. The adjective 'heavy' describes the 'kind' of the noun 'damage'. Option B is incorrect because the adjective 'heavy' does not describe the quantity of 'damage', but its quality or kind. Indefinite Numeral Adjectives express an unspecified number of a countable noun. Option C is incorrect because the adjective does not express a number of the noun. Demonstrative Adjectives demonstrate a noun that's been mentioned before, by replacing the noun so it does not have to be mentioned repeatedly, since 'heavy' does not demonstrate the noun, option D is incorrect,