Question

Identify the correct combination from the following table.

Type of cartilage	Nature of matrix	Location
(i) Fibrous cartilage	Contain more collagen fibers	Inter-vertebral discs
(ii) Hyaline cartilage	Contain elastic fibers	Tip of nose
(iii) Elastic cartilage	Contain both collagen and elastin fibers	Epiglottis
(iv) Calcified cartilage	Contain megakaryocytes	Pinna of the ear

• A. (i) and (iii)
• B. (ii) and (iv)
• C. (iii) and (iv)
• D. (i) and (iv)

Answer 1

The correct option is A

(i) and (iii)

The correct option is A:

Explanation of the correct option :

1. A thick, uniform network of collagen fiber bundles oriented parallel to one another in several layers dominates the matrix of fibrocartilage.
2. The bundles in adjacent layers run in different directions, resulting in a material that is both strong and flexible.
3. Elastic cartilage is structured into elastic fibers that create a matrix or threadlike network.
4. This matrix is made up of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and multi-adhesive glycoproteins.
5. Type II collagen and elastin fibers are linked with it.
6. The epiglottis is a flap of elastic cartilage that lies beneath the tongue at the back of the neck.
7. Its main function is to prevent food from entering your airways by sealing over your windpipe (trachea) as you eat.

Explanation of the incorrect option:

Option B:

1. Both the combination (ii) and (iv) are incorrect.
2. The matrix of hyaline cartilage is made up of type II collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and extracellular fluid.
3. Hyaline cartilage can be found in the earliest skeleton of the fetus, epiphyseal growth plates (epiphyseal discs) in bones, articular cartilages of joints, trachea, bronchi, larynx, nose, and the extremities of the ribs.
4. Calcification of cartilage matrix occurs in an extracellular matrix composed of type II collagen fibrils with which type X collagen is closely connected during endochondral bone formation.
5. Calcified cartilage can be seen at the ends of long bones and the crowns of the humerus and femur.

Option C:

1. combination (iii) is correct. Option (iv) is incorrect.
2. Calcification of cartilage matrix occurs in an extracellular matrix composed of type II collagen fibrils with which type X collagen is strongly associated during endochondral bone formation.
3. Calcified cartilage can be seen at the ends of long bones and the crowns of the humerus and femur.

Option D:

1. combination (i) is correct. Option (iv) is incorrect.
2. During endochondral bone development, calcification of cartilage matrix occurs in an extracellular matrix composed of type II collagen fibrils with which type X collagen is strongly linked.
3. The ends of long bones, as well as the crowns of the humerus and femur, have calcified cartilage.

Final answer: The correct combination from the following table are (i) and (iii).