Question

Identify the correct sequence of the stages in xerarch succession.
a. Lichen
b. Bigger plants
c. Forest
d. Bryophytes

• A. b, a , d, c
• B. a, b, d, c
• C. a, b, c, d
• D. a, d, b, c

Answer 1

The correct option is D a, d, b, c


Stages in xerarch succession
Stages in xerarch succession are as follows:

• Lichen stage - When the land is barren or it's bare rock, firstly, weathering and other natural forces (rainfall, sunlight, heat,etc.) break down the rock. It will pave the way for lichens (pioneer species). Lichens are the symbiotic association of algae and fungi. They secrete acids to dissolve rock further helping in weathering and soil formation.
• Moss stage - The accumulation of soil and moss favours the growth of mosses like Polytrichum, Grimmia etc.
• Herb stage - The mat formed by the death and decay of mosses favour the germination of seeds of plants like Aristicla, Poa etc.
• Shrub stage - Due to further weathering of rocks, the shrubs like Rhus, Rubus etc., invade the area.
• Climax community - Gradually the area becomes more favourable for the growth of hardy trees like conifers, deciduous forest etc.

Sequence of stages in xerarch succession
Sequence of stages in xerarch succession are as follows: Lichen stage $\to$ Moss stage $\to$ Herb stage $\to$ Shrub stage $\to$ Climax community.