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Dehydration of Alcohols

Identify the ...

Question

Identify the correct statement regarding the effect of $C l$ atom bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to a carbocation carbon?

A

It has no effect on the stability of the carbocation

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B

It destabilizes the carbocation

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C

It stabilizes the carbocation

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D

Cannot predict its effect on the carbocation from the given information

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Solution

The correct option is B It destabilizes the carbocation
Due to more electronegativity of chlorine atom, it exerts negative inductive effect destabilizing electron deficient species like carbocation.

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A carbocation is a group of atoms with a positively charged carbon atom having six electrons in the valence shell after sharing. Carbocations are formed in the heterolysis of a bond and are planar species. Stability of carbocation is determined by inductive effect, hyperconjugation and resonance effect. Greater the number of contributing structures more is the stability of a Carbocation. Electron releasing groups (+I effect) increases the stability of a carbocation whereas the electron withdrawing groups (I effect) have an opposite effect.

Which of the following is most stable carbocation?

Q. For the given carbanion intermediate,

R C H_{2} - - C H - C H_{2} - C l

Choose the correct statement(s) :

Q. In which of the following species hyperconjugation is possible?
Stability of carbocation, alkyl free radical and alkene can be explained on the basis of hyperconjugation. In all these cases there is the presence of hydrogen atom at the adjacent

s p^{2}

hybridised carbon atom. Total no of hyperconjugating structures depends upon the no of hydrogen atoms present at adjacent carbon atom of

s p^{2}

c- atom more the hyperconjugating structure more is the stability of ions.

Q. Answer the question on the basis of information given below:
"Stability of carbocation's depends upon the electron releasing inductive effect of groups adjacent to positively charged carbon atom involvement of neighboring groups in hyperconjugation and resonance."
Which of the following ions is more stable? Use resonance to explain your answer.

Q. How many Statements are correct below?
A. Groups showing

+ I

effect stabilize electron deficient species and destabilize electron rich species.
B. Groups showing

+ I

effect destabilize electron deficient and electron rich species.
C. Groups showing

- I

effect stabilize electron rich species and destabilize electron deficient species.
D. Groups showing

- I

effect stabilize electron deficient species and stabilize electron rich species.

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Dehydration of Alcohols

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