Identify the following processes involved in the following activites:
Activity 1: Rice and water are taken in a beaker. The mixture is allowed to stand for sometime. Rice settle down at the bottom.

Activity 2: Water is gently poured out into another beaker without disturbing the rice.

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Solution

Sedimentation is a method of separating a heavier solid or liquid matter from the lighter liquid. Denser substance settle at the bottom of the vessel. This is known as sediment.
The lighter liquid forms a layer above and can be poured off.
The process of separating the lighter liquid, by tilting and pouring it into another vessel is called decantation.

So, in this situation, the settling of rice at the bottom of the beaker is the sedimentation. While, pouring the water out without disturbing the rice is decantation.

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Q. (a) You are given a glass full of muddy water. The steps you should take to get clear water from it are listed below. Arrange these steps in the correct order.
(i) Line a funnel with filter paper or cloth.
(ii) Allow the water to stand, without disturbing it.
(iii) Gently pour out the liquid portion into another glass.
(iv) Throw away the thick muddy water left behind in the first glass.
(v) Pour the water into the funnel.
(vi) The mud particles, being heavier, will settle at the bottom.
(vii) Collect the clear water that comes through the funnel.
(b) Give a single word that explain the steps described in ii and v.
(c) What else can you do to help remove the mud particles from the water? What is this process called?
(d) Do you think this water is now safe to drink? Why?
(e) Name one simple way be which this water can be made safe for drinking.

Q. Identify the following processes involved in the following activites:
Activity 1: Rice and water are taken in a beaker. The mixture is allowed to stand for sometime. Rice settle down at the bottom.

Activity 2: Water is gently poured out into another beaker without disturbing the rice.

Q. The process of settling of rice in rice and water mixture is called ______ and pouring out the water without disturbing the rice is called _____.

Three mixtures A, B and C are obtained by stirring three different solids in water taken in separate beakers. When mixture A is allowed to stand for sometime, then its particles settle at the bottom of the beaker. When a beam of light is passed through mixture A in a dark room, the path of light becomes visible when observed from the side of the beaker. When mixture B is allowed to stand for a considerable time, even then its particles do not settle down. Mixture B, however, scatters the beam of light just like mixture A. The particles of mixture C do not settle down on keeping and it also does not scatter the beam of light passing through it.

a. What are the mixtures like A known as?

b. What are the mixtures like B known as?

c. What are the mixtures like C known as?

d. Name the phenomenon exhibited by A and B with the beam of light.

e. Name one mixture each which is like A, B and C.

Q. Name the method of separation involved in each example given below.
(a) When it rains, the raindrops attach themselves to the dust in the air. This makes the dust particles heavy and brings them down to the ground. Because of this, the air becomes clearer.
(b) A mixture of water and mustard oil which are miscible are separated.
(c) Salt is separated from its mixture in water, so that the water is not lost.
(d) Rice is separated from its husk.
(e) A cook while washing rice found that the rice grains settled to the bottom of the vessel. He then drained out the top layer of water containing lighter dust particles. The rice was then transferred to a strainer to remove the excess water.
(f) Salt is separated from sea water.
(g) Sand is separated from gravel at a construction site.

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Identify the following processes involved in the following activites: Activity 1: Rice and water are taken in a beaker. The mixture is allowed to stand for sometime. Rice settle down at the bottom. Activity 2: Water is gently poured out into another beaker without disturbing the rice.

Identify the following processes involved in the following activites:
Activity 1: Rice and water are taken in a beaker. The mixture is allowed to stand for sometime. Rice settle down at the bottom.

Activity 2: Water is gently poured out into another beaker without disturbing the rice.