Question

Identify the following substance that is underlined: An alkaline gas which produces dense white fumes when reacted with hydrogen chloride gas.

Answer 1

Identifying the alkaline gas which produces dense fume with hydrogen chloride gas:

• When a glass rod dipped in a concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid was brought near the mouth of the test tube containing ammonia, dense fumes of ammonium chloride formed.
• This reaction is also used for the detection of ammonia.
• The balanced chemical reaction can be represented as:

$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}+\underset{\mathrm{Hydrogen}\mathrm{chloride}}{\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}(\mathrm{White}\mathrm{fumes})}{{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$

Hence, An alkaline gas that produces dense white fumes when reacted with hydrogen chloride gas is Ammonia.