Question

Identify the molecule having ionic bond, covalent bond, and dative bond.

• A. Ammonium hydroxide
• B. Ammonium chloride
• C. Blue vitriol
• D. Ammonium carbonate

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (B), (D)

Ammonium carbonate

Explanation for the correct option:

• Ionic bond – It is formed by the complete transfer of electron(s) from one atom to another.
• Covalent bond – This is formed when electrons are being shared by two atoms and each atom contributes equally.
• Dative bond – This is a kind of covalent bond in which only one atom provides electrons and is shared by two atoms.
• Of the given compounds three of them are ammonium derivatives.
• So, it is basically formed like this.
• First, consider the ammonia molecule that has three $\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}$ covalent bonds.
• Next, this ammonia molecule donates its lone pair to an ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ion and thus forms a dative bond.
• After that, it combines with the respective anion ${\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$, ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}$ and ${{\mathrm{CO}}_3}^{2-}$ forming an ionic bond.
• Thus, the three compounds ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{OH},{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}$ and ${\left({\mathrm{NH}}_4\right)}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3$ all have covalent, dative, and ionic bond.

Explanation for the incorrect option:

c) blue vitriol

Blue vitriol has the chemical formula ${\mathrm{CuSO}}_4$. It is an ionic compound.

Hence, the correct options are a, b and d.