If a is the rake angle of a cutting tool, ϕ is the shear angle, then the ratio of velocity of chip to the shear velocity is given by
Linked Data: A ϕ40mm job is subjected to orthogonal turning by +10o rake angle tool at 500rev/min. By direct measurement during the cutting operation, the shear angle was found equal to 25o. The velocity (in m/min) with which the chip flows on the tool face is