If a light ray from air enters three different media in such a way that the refracted angles are $45^{0}$, $30^{0}$ and $60^{0}$ respectively. Identify the right statement with respect to the optical density of these media.

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Solution

Angle of incidence $i$ is same for all three media. Angle of refraction for the different media are:
$r_{m1} = 45^{\circ}$
$r_{m2} = 30^{\circ}$
$r_{m3} = 60^{\circ}$

Deviation will be highest for medium with highest optical density. Clearly, the deviation is highest $(30^{\circ})$ for Medium 2. Hence, Medium 2 has highest optical density.

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In the figure, $n_{1}$ represents refractive index of air.

Q. (i) Write relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction for a given pair of media.
(ii) When a ray of light enters from one medium to another having different optical densities it bends. Why does this phenomenon occur?
(iii) Write one condition where it does not bend when entering a medium of different optical density.

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If a light ray from air enters three different media in such a way that the refracted angles are \(45^{0}\), \(30^{0}\) and \(60^{0}\) respectively. Identify the right statement with respect to the optical density of these media.