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Question

If a magnet is carefully broken into two equal pieces as shown in Fig, how does the magnetic strength of each piece compare with that of the original magnet ?
205078_7108736c4ed346989f438a88085b0653.png

A
1:1
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B
1:2
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C
2:1
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D
1:4
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Solution

The correct option is B 1:2
The surface field strength of a magnet is only a function of its shape, not its size. Long thin magnets with poles at each end have a very intense magnetic field at each pole, more so than a short fat magnet, but only over a small area. They do have good reach though, we still have significant, although not terribly strong field at about one length, much more than a shorter magnet of the same diameter.
The distance that the magnet casts a magnetic field gets smaller as the magnet gets smaller. So the half-size magnet would have a half-sized magnetic field strength at a distance. The ratio of the magnetic strength of smaller magnet to the original size magnet is given as 1:2.
A magnet could cause a measurable decrease in strength; but it would depend on the material. For example, neodymium magnets probably not very much at all, may not be measurable, whereas ferrites it could be quite a lot.

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