If a person is reading a novel, then in what state his ciliary muscles are in?
contract
When one is seeing things that are nearby, the ciliary muscles contract to decrease the focal length of the eye lens.
The reason is, as we look at the objects that are nearby, the eye lens will be strained, because more bending of light will occur to form the image at the retina. For this to happen, the ciliary muscles have to be contracted to reduce the focal length.