If BCl bond has a dipole moment, explain why $B C l_{3}$ molecule has zero dipole moment.

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Solution

B-Cl bond is polar due to electronegativity difference between B and Cl.
In $B C l_{3}$ , the central B atom undergoes $s p^{2}$ hybridization which results in plane triangular geometry. The molecule has symmetry and the individual bond dipoles cancel each other. Hence, the molecule has zero dipole moment.

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