Water makes up for about 70% of the body weight. So, if the water volume of the body falls below a certain threshold or the osmolyte concentration becomes too high, the brain signals thirst. You feel thirsty when the body lacks fluids or when there is an increase in the concentration of certain osmolites such as ‘salt’ in the body. Technically, it is a signal given by the body to the brain. In simple terms, it is the body’s cry or craving for water. Thus, we feel the need to drink water or any fluid when you feel thirsty. So you feel thirsty because either you are dehydrated due to the lack of consumption of water or because of the increase/imbalance of osmolytes.
Our body needs large amount of water to carry out the various activities which keeps us alive. So, even though our whole body is made up of 60-70% of water, our body cannot survive lesser content of water. So, we feel thirsty to maintain water percentage.