If the saliva is lacking in salivary amylase, then which of the following processes taking place in the buccal cavity will be affected ?.
(a) proteins breaking down into amino acids
(b) starch breaking down into sugars
(c) fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol
(d) intestinal layer breaking down leading to ulcers
(b) starch breaking down into sugars
The human saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase, which breaks down the starch present in food into sugar. The digestion of starch (carbohydrates) begins in the mouth. In case, saliva is lacking, it will affect the breakdown of starch. The protein digestion begins in the stomach by the enzyme pepsin and completes in the small intestine by enzyme trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidases, aminopeptidases and dipeptidases. The fats are broken down into small particles by bile in the small intestine and then broken down into fatty acids and glycerol by lipases present in pancreatic juice. Absorption of vitamins takes place in the small intestine.