Question

In a biology lecture, the teacher was dictating the organelles of a cell as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosome, centriole and centrosome. Which of the following cell was she referring?

• A. Prokaryotic cell
• B. Plant cell
• C. Animal cell
• D. Data insufficient

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

Animal cell

The following are examples of structures and organelles that can be found in typical animal cells:

1. Cell (plasma) membrane- thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosing its contents.

2. Centrioles- cylindrical structures that organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division.

3. Cytoplasm- gel-like substance within the cell.

4. Endoplasmic Reticulum- an extensive network of membranes composed of both regions with ribosomes (rough ER) and regions without ribosomes (smooth ER).

5. Golgi complex- also called as the Golgi apparatus, this structure is responsible for manufacturing, storing and shipping certain cellular products.

6. Lysosomes- sacs of enzymes that digest cellular macromolecules such as nucleic acids.

7. Microtubules- hollow rods that function primarily to help support and shape the cell.

8. Mitochondria- cell components that generate energy for the cell and are the sites of cellular respiration.

9. Nucleus- membrane bound structure that contains the cell's hereditary information.

10. Nucleolus- structure within the nucleus that helps in the synthesis of ribosomes.

11. Nucleopore- a tiny hole within the nuclear membrane that allows nucleic acids and proteins to move into and out of the nucleus.

12. Ribosomes- consisting of RNA and proteins, ribosomes are responsible for protein assembly.