In the conversion from ethanol to ethene, concentrated sulphuric acid is used as:

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Solution

Conversion from ethanol to ethene:
On heating at $170 ° C$ in the presence of an excess of concentrated sulphuric acid $(H_{2} {SO}_{4})$ , ethanol $({CH}_{3} - {CH}_{2} - OH)$ gets dehydrated to give ethene $({CH}_{2} = {CH}_{2})$ .
The reaction of dehydration can be given as:
$\underset{(Ethanol)}{C H_{3} C H_{2} OH} \overset{Conc . H_{2} S O_{4}}{\to} \underset{(Ethene)}{C H_{2} = C H_{2}} + \underset{(Water)}{H_{2} O}$
During the conversion process of ethanol into ethene in the presence of conc. sulphuric acid, a molecule of water is lost.
In this reaction, concentrated sulphuric acid $(H_{2} {SO}_{4})$ acts as a dehydrating agent.
Thus, in the conversion from ethanol to ethene, concentrated sulphuric acid is used as a dehydrating agent.

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Similar questions

Q. Ethanol can be converted to ethene which can then be changed to ethane.
Choose the correct word or phrase from the brackets to complete the following sentences:
(i) The conversion of ethanol to ethene is an example of ........... (dehydration, dehydrogenation).
(ii) Converting ethanol to ethene requires the use of ......... (concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulphuric acid).
(iii) The conversion of ethene to ethane is an example of ......... (hydration, hydrogenation).
(iv) The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene to ethane is commonly ............ (iron, cobalt, nickel).

Q. Choose the correct word/phrase from within the brackets to complete the following sentences:
(i) The catalyst used for conversion of ethene to ethane is commonly __________ (nickel/iron/cobalt).
(ii) When acetaldehyde is oxidized with acidified potassium dichromate, it forms _________ (ester/ethanol/acetic acid).
(iii) Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in presence of concentrated H₂SO₄, so as to form a compound and water. The chemical reaction which takes place is called __________ (dehydration/hydrogenation/esterification).
(iv) Write the equation for the reaction taking place between 1, 2-dibromoethane and alcoholic potassium hydroxide.
(v) The product formed when ethene gas reacts with water in the presence of sulphuric acid is ________ (ethanal/ethanol/ethanoic acid).

Q. Question 39
Ethene is formed when ethanol at 443k is heated with an excess of concentrated sulphuric acid. What is the role of sulphuric acid in this reaction? Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

Ethanol can be converted into ethene which can be changed into ethane. Choose the correct word or phrase from the brackets to complete the following sentences.

(a) The conversion of ethanol into ethene is an example of (dehydration, dehydrogenation).
(b) Converting ethanol into ethene requires the use of (conc. HCl, conc. $H N O_{3}, c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4})$ .
(c) The conversion of ethene into ethane is an example of (hydration, hydrogenation).
(d) The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene into ethane is commonly (iron, nickel, cobalt).

In conversion from ethanol to ethene, concentrated sulphuric acid is used as:

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