In Down's process for the extraction of sodium, the melting point of $N a C l$ is lowered from $803^{0} C$ to $600^{0} C$ .
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding this.
a) It is done in order to avoid vapourisation of metallic sodium.
b) It is done in order to avoid corrosive action of sodium and chlorine on the vessel at the high temperature.
c) It is done by mixing sufficient amounts of $C a C l_{2}$ .

Only a is correct

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Only a and b are correct

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Only a and c are correct

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All a, b and c are correct

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Solution

The correct option is D All a, b and c are correct
Sodium chloride melts at a very high temperature. A mixture containing ( $N a C l + C a C l_{2}$ ) is used to decrease the melting point.

The main reasons for lowering the temperature are:
a) Sodium is volatile at this temperature and so a part of the metal formed may vaporize.
b) At this high temperature, sodium and chlorine produced corrode the vessel.

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